By RTN Kalikumutima Deo
There are moments in a nation’s life when an external decision, seemingly adverse, even unfair, forces an uncomfortable but necessary reckoning. The recent tightening of United States visa conditions for Ugandans, including the introduction of substantial visa bonds, is one such moment. It has stirred frustration, anxiety, and indignation. Yet history teaches us that nations do not rise by lamenting closed doors; they rise by building their own houses so well that the world eventually knocks.
Every sovereign state governs itself through law. The United States has acted squarely within the confines of its immigration framework, as outlined under its Immigration and Nationality Act and reinforced through a temporary final rule aimed at addressing visa overstay risks. That reality, uncomfortable as it may be, is neither an indictment of Uganda as a nation nor the end of opportunity for Ugandans globally. It is, however, a mirror, one that invites us to look more honestly at ourselves.
What if this is not a punishment, but a provocation?
What if this moment is less about America closing ranks and more about Uganda waking up?
A Hard Lesson in Collective Responsibility
It is an open secret that the actions of a few can shape the fate of many. As has been widely reported, abuse of visa terms by a minority of travelers has soiled the credibility of thousands of upright Ugandans. The consequence is collective: visa bonds ranging from USD 5,000 to USD 15,000, restricted ports of entry, and higher transactional costs for ordinary businesspeople, students, and tourists.
This is not unique to Uganda. The political economist Mancur Olson warned decades ago that collective outcomes often suffer when individual incentives are misaligned with the common good. Immigration policy, like trade policy, is ultimately about trust. When trust erodes, systems respond with friction.
The question before us, then, is not merely how unfair these measures feel, but what they reveal, and what they demand of us.
The Real Tragedy: Exporting Dreams, Importing Dependence
For too long, Uganda, like much of Africa, has quietly internalized the belief that prosperity lies elsewhere. We export our brightest minds, our most ambitious entrepreneurs, and our creative energy, while importing finished goods, policy templates, and even aspirations. The result is an economy rich in potential but thin in confidence.
The late Kenyan scholar Ali Mazrui once observed that Africa’s problem is not lack of resources, but lack of “self-belief translated into institutions.” Uganda exemplifies this paradox. We sit at the heart of East Africa, blessed with fertile land, abundant water, critical minerals, a youthful population, and access to regional markets stretching from the Great Lakes to the Horn of Africa. Yet we behave, too often, like a peripheral economy waiting for permission to matter.
What if the tightening of U.S. visa regimes is a nudge, firm, even rude, but necessary, to rethink this posture?
From Mobility to Market Power: Rethinking Opportunity
The anguish expressed by business leaders, including concerns that it is becoming harder for Ugandan entrepreneurs to access international markets, is valid. When tour operators are denied visas to global trade fairs while government officials travel freely, the imbalance is glaring. But the deeper issue is structural: why must access to opportunity depend so heavily on physical travel to distant capitals?
The world is reorganizing itself around regions, not empires. The European Union understood this decades ago. ASEAN has steadily built intra-regional value chains. Even the United States itself grew powerful by first consolidating its internal market, linking states through infrastructure, specialization, and scale, before projecting power outward.
East Africa offers Uganda a similar canvas. With porous borders, shared languages of trade, and complementary economies, the region is not a weakness; it is an underleveraged advantage. Specialization in agro-processing, minerals beneficiation, tourism circuits, logistics, and digital services could transform Uganda from a transit economy into a regional production hub.
Why Uganda Must Rethink How Trusts Are Registered
The economist Ha-Joon Chang reminds us that no country developed by “playing by the rules” of free trade too early. They developed by building domestic capacity first. Uganda’s moment to do just that is now.
Natural Endowments, Strategic Choices
Consider our endowments. Uganda’s soils can feed a region. Our lakes and rivers can anchor agro-industry and energy security. Our mineral deposits, if governed transparently and processed locally, can fuel industrialization rather than raw export dependence. Our youthful population, if skilled and retained, can become a demographic dividend rather than a migration statistic.
But resources alone do not confer greatness. Botswana had diamonds; it also had discipline. Rwanda had devastation; it chose coordination. Ethiopia, for all its current challenges, demonstrated how infrastructure-led ambition can reposition a country within a generation.
The common thread is intentionality.
A Call to Action: From Reaction to Resolve
This moment calls for more than outrage. It calls for alignment.
For policymakers: invest aggressively in regional infrastructure, trade facilitation, and skills that serve production, not paperwork.
For the private sector: collaborate beyond firm-level competition to build sectoral champions that can scale regionally.
For citizens: reclaim the idea that dignity and prosperity are built at home first, not borrowed abroad.
The celebrated writer Chinua Achebe warned that “the trouble with Nigeria”, and by extension many postcolonial states, was the failure of leadership to rise to the responsibility of the moment. Uganda must not repeat that mistake. Leadership today is not about issuing statements; it is about structuring confidence into systems.
What If the Dream Was Here All Along?
What if America’s restrictions are not the closing of a door, but the loud shutting of an illusion, that fulfillment lies elsewhere?
What if the real opportunity is to build a Uganda so dynamic, so competitive, and so integrated into Africa that access to global markets becomes a consequence of strength, not a favor granted?
Nations that matter are not those whose citizens travel the most, but those whose ideas, products, and standards do.
Perhaps the dream did not migrate.
Perhaps it stayed.
Waiting for us to grow into it.
Written by RTN Kalikumutima Deo, Kalikumutima & Co. Advocates.
