Rwanda’s rapid development and business-friendly environment have attracted increasing foreign interest in real estate and agricultural investments. However, the country’s land rights framework is complex and uniquely shaped by its history and development goals. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the legal framework surrounding land ownership, acquisition, and utilisation in Rwanda, with a focus on foreign investors. Historical Context and Recent Reforms Rwanda’s land tenure system has undergone significant transformations since the 2004 National Land Policy and the 2005 Organic Land Law. These reforms aimed to address historical inequalities, promote efficient land use, and provide security of…
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