Uganda’s telecom sector has blossomed since its liberalisation in the 1990s, evolving into a highly profitable and transformative force. With mobile penetration surpassing 70% and mobile money establishing itself as a parallel financial system, telecom operators wield considerable influence across communications, finance, digital inclusion, and public infrastructure. This robust growth, however, has also positioned them as a prime target for the taxman, Uganda Revenue Authority (URA). For nearly three decades, URA has been locked in a persistent legal struggle with key players in the telecom industry, notably MTN, Airtel, Celtel, and Uganda Telecom (UTL). These disputes typically involve URA’s efforts…
The Taxman’s Call: Three Decades of Persistent Legal Struggles Between URA & Telecoms

The groundwork for URA's intense scrutiny of telecoms was laid in the early 2000s when Celtel, now Airtel, challenged Value Added Tax assessments on airtime provided to its employees.